HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)
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HPV is the name given to a group of very common viruses
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These viruses mainly impact the genitals, throat and the mouth
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The use of HPV vaccines can largely prevent the spread and intensity of the disease
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Conditions like genital warts and cancers can be caused by HPV infection​
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HPV is a non-curable disease
Spread of HPV infections
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Unprotected sexual intercourse (vaginal, oral or anal) with infected individual
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By sharing unclean sex toys
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Through kissing or close bodily contact
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Through cuts and open wounds in the skin
Symptoms of HPV Infections
In most cases, HPV is asymptomatic. However, these signs and symptoms do appear in some cases:
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Small/large cauliflower shaped bumps in the genital area, called as genital warts
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Pelvic pain
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Anaemia
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Discharge from the vagina
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Complications caused by HPV Infections
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Vulvar cancer
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Vaginal cancer
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Cervical cancer (most common)
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Anal Cancer
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Cancer of Penis
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Oropharyngeal cancer- cancer on back of the tongue and tonsils
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Prevention of HPV Infections​
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Indulge only in protected sexual intercourse. This may still not protect completely as condom doesn't cover complete genital area
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Avoid sexual intercourse with multiple partners
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HPV vaccine should be taken before the age of 26. This protects against warts and major cancers
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Treatment of HPV Infections
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HPV, which is most commonly diagnosed with a PAP smear test, does not have a definitive cure
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Usually, the treatment is symptomatic
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In case of cancer, anti-cancer medication is prescribed and other oncological procedures are performed like surgery or chemotherapy